vovat: (Polychrome)
Since I already wrote about Rainbow Brite today, I might as well keep the rainbow theme going with my weekly mythology post. In Greek mythology, the goddess of the rainbow is Iris, the daughter of the sea god Thaumas and the sky nymph Elektra. Like Hermes, she serves as a messenger for the gods, sometimes between themselves and other times with the mortal world. Some sources suggest she typically served as the personal messenger and herald for Hera, but Homer has her delivering several messages for Zeus. She is usually portrayed with wings, and is said to be married to Zephyrus, god of the west wind. In the Percy Jackson books, the children of the gods communicate via Iris-messages, which can be sent through any rainbow with an offering of money.


In Norse lore, the name for the rainbow is Bifröst, and it is used as a bridge between our own world of Midgard and the gods' abode in Asgard. The color red at the top is a burning flame, which prevents the frost giants from crossing it. The guardian of Bifröst is Heimdall, son of Odin, who keeps constant watch over the world. During Ragnarok, the giants will finally manage to cross over the rainbow bridge, and it will shatter with their weight. There's apparently a school of thought maintaining that the bridge between Earth and Heaven was originally thought to be the Milky Way rather than the rainbow, but common association still identifies Bifröst with the colorful arch.


The rainbow is also featured in the Biblical book of Genesis. After the great flood (you know, Noah's Ark and all that), God placed the rainbow in the sky as a sign that He'd never flood the entire world again. It's a good thing we have the rainbow, then, because otherwise He'd probably be causing worldwide floods every other week. The big guy must have memory problems, but that's not surprising for someone His age.


So what about the pot of gold at the end of the rainbow? I'm not sure exactly how that started, but it seems to have originated in Europe, and is especially identified with Ireland. One possible origin is a story about a leprechaun who grants a wish to a poor couple, and when they wish for riches, he tells them that their prize is at the end of the rainbow. Since it's impossible to get there, they never actually get the money, which is the leprechaun's punishment to the couple for their greed. This page says that some versions of the legend say that only a naked man can claim the gold, which sounds like it could be another leprechaun trick. The identification of leprechauns and pots of gold with rainbows is now so culturally ubiquitous that it can safely be referenced in children's cereal commercials.
vovat: (Minotaur)

I was thinking today about fantasy movies, and of course The Wizard of Oz came to mind. Like a lot of fans, I'm not too keen on the "it was all a dream" ending, and Dorothy's conclusion before waking up that she shouldn't want to leave home again. It removes a lot of the magic from the adventure. This in turn led me to consider some comments I've seen on Oz forums throughout the years, and ponder the question of whether fantasy is dangerous. I recently made a sorta-joking comment on Twitter about how easy listening radio is intended to suck the life out of workers, and while I don't think there's any actual conspiracy going on there, I have to suspect there's a grain of truth to it. Is it the same way with fantasy? Are American workers not supposed to be dreaming of more majestic things, because it will give us ideas above our stations? Why work in a cubicle when you can imagine hunting dragons? I'm not saying this is a conscious thought on the part of the establishment, but I'm wondering if there's a subconscious element to it.


And while we're on the topic of control, what about religion? Karl Marx referred to it as the "opiate of the masses." A question I've pondered from time to time is why modern American conservatives are so big on Jesus, when he was a pretty radical liberal thinker for his time. One thing that comes to mind is that, while Jesus talked a good game, he also encouraged his followers to remain humble and not challenge the establishment. Probably a good idea in Roman times, considering what happened later with Simon bar Kochba's revolt, but also a good way for later Christian governments to keep the people in line. Oppressed? Don't worry about it! Just be patient, and things will be awesome when Jesus comes back! We don't know when that will be, but it'll be soon enough, right? Life is just temporary, while paradise is for eternity! I can see where old man Marx was coming from, you know? Of course, the countries that adopted communism just used Marx's own ideas to keep the working classes down, just like Europe had done with Jesus' radical notions. Funny how these things work.


Does fantasy have the same effect? After all, most fantasy that I've read, regardless of the author's political and religious beliefs, has more in common with Jesus than with Marx. It's rare to read fairy tales that actively encourage social revolution. And are we fantasy fans, as an essay I once read suggested, just waiting for the good fairy to show up and wave her wand instead of actually doing anything to solve the world's problems? Really, today's fantasy tales are often based on yesterday's mythology. Look at the Percy Jackson series, for instance. There's even fantasy based on modern religion, although perhaps it's too soon for believers to judge it based on its own merits rather than its position. Some (but by no means all) Christians who hate other fantasy works love Narnia, with C.S. Lewis' pro-Christian message. On the other hand, some of the same people are vehemently opposed to Philip Pullman's His Dark Materials series, which takes a more negative approach to Judeo-Christian mythology. Pullman himself is an atheist, but the universe of these books seems to me to be based more on Gnostic thought. I'm sure Pullman doesn't actually believe in angels, but they exist in his invented worlds. It's all fiction, after all. But considering there are people who are actually feel their faith confirmed by books with a talking lion and threatened by books with polar bears in armor, I'm not sure they all realize this. Harry Potter gets particular flak in this area, despite the fact that J.K. Rowling is a Christian, who's said herself that she believes in God and not in magic. The problem might be that her critics believe in both. Still, if you read some of the conservative Christian reviews of the Potter books and movies, it often seems like the Satanic panic is somewhat of a smokescreen. Perhaps what they're REALLY worried about is how they suggest that authority figures aren't always right, and there are times when it's not a bad idea to break the rules. Come to think of it, there might be some of that in Gnostic philosophy, too. The Demiurge claims to be the Almighty God, and perhaps even genuinely BELIEVES that he's God, but he isn't. Indeed, while we didn't see too much of this figure in The Amber Spyglass, what we did learn of him suggests he was somewhat misguided and naive, allowing Enoch to take advantage of him. This stuff fascinates me, but my point is that powerful conservative interests don't WANT people to think for themselves, and the idea that authority figures (perhaps even including God) can sometimes be wrong encourages just that. And we don't need that in our children, do we? If they ever go looking for their heart's desire again, they shouldn't look any further than their own backyards. Because if it isn't there, they never really lost it to begin with!


Wow, that was a lot more rambling and all over the place than I originally intended. I have a few other thoughts on related subjects, but I'll save them for future posts.
vovat: (Minotaur)
In Greek mythology, Tantalus was a son of Zeus and Pluto. No, not the god Pluto, but a nymph of the same name. He was a king somewhere in Asia Minor (different sources identify his domain as Sipylos or Paphlagonia), and made his way into the gods' good graces. He ate at their table, but stole food from it to share with mortals, which the Olympians obviously didn't care for. I believe some sources say that was his main crime, but the more famous version of his biography has Tantalus going on to do something much more heinous. He kills and cooks his own son Pelops and serves him to the gods. The Fate Clotho was able to revive Pelops, but since Demeter had eaten his shoulder, he had to make do with an ivory one made by Hephaestus.

When he died, Tantalus was sent to Tartarus, the part of the Underworld reserved for the truly awful. He was kept chin-deep in water with fruit trees above his head, but when he tried to reach for either the fruit or the water, it would recede from him. As bad as that would be, I have to suspect that he would have just stopped trying after a few years or so. Perhaps being aware of this, some mythologists also said that there was a boulder hanging above the son-slaughtering king's head. Tantalus, by the way, appears in the second Percy Jackson book, in which his inability to touch food is treated in a rather comic manner.

vovat: (Minotaur)
So, I finished Rick Riordan's Percy Jackson and the Olympians series yesterday. Yeah, that was pretty quick, wasn't it? But they were definitely good books, full of adventure, humor, and all that good stuff. And Riordan definitely did his research on Greek mythology, working a lot of characters and references into a modern setting. I think part of its success is that, while it did modernize things, I don't think it tried to be overly hip about it. It just showed a fairly logical progression as to how the Greek gods and monsters might have adjusted to the present-day United States. Ares is a biker and Apollo's chariot can change into a sports car, but there's no suggestion that they were ALWAYS like that. The plot was also interesting, coming across as somewhat reminiscent of Harry Potter (for instance, there's a hidden training place for kids with special powers, and a major villain who's been neutralized but gains in power throughout the series), but it's not like most of the themes in the Potter series were original with Rowling.

Another cool collection I've gotten recently and would like to say a bit about is I Wanna Go Backwards, the box set containing Robyn Hitchcock's first three solo albums, plus a lot of bonus material. Robyn was always someone I thought I should check out, based largely on his collaborations with Scott McCaughey. The first album of his that I picked up was Respect, which wasn't that great, although it had some tracks I quite liked. (I guess that's why I could buy it for only $5.) But I'm definitely enjoying these earlier albums. Some of my early favorites include "The Man Who Invented Himself," "Do Policemen Sing?", "Uncorrected Personality Traits" (which I was actually already familiar with, through a live version that I got from eMusic), "Ye Sleeping Knights of Jesus," and "Cynthia Mask."

Finally, here's a quiz that I learned about from [livejournal.com profile] doktor_x, and ended up getting the same result he did.

Read more... )

Finally, happy birthday to [livejournal.com profile] countblastula, happy one-week-belated birthday to [livejournal.com profile] colbyucb, and happy one-day-early birthday to [livejournal.com profile] kristenjarrod!
vovat: (Minotaur)
Are you interested in what I've been reading recently? If so, this post is for you! If not, wait until tomorrow, when I plan to cover albums I've been listening to.

The Castle of Llyr, by Lloyd Alexander - The third book in the Chronicles of Prydain was pretty fun. It had a giant cat, and was a good way to take up time while waiting around at jury duty. {g} I think the next one in the series is Taran Wanderer, which I know [livejournal.com profile] rockinlibrarian has said was pretty boring. I might as well give it a shot next time I get a chance to go to the library, though.

The Sea of Monsters, by Rick Riordan - The second Percy Jackson book is very much in the same vein as the first, and that's a good thing. Mythological creatures appearing in this volume include Circe, Polyphemus, and a bunch of wild Floridian centaurs. Percy also meets his half-brother, who's another cyclops. I know Polyphemus was the son of Poseidon, which I think is why the sea god decided to make life hell for Odysseus after he blinded the monster, but weren't some of the cyclopes also children of Gaia and Ouranos? I've already started on the third one, The Titan's Curse. I believe there are five books currently out, so it might not take me long to catch up.

Howl's Moving Castle, by Diana Wynne Jones - Ms. Jones is an author who tends to get a lot of mentions from people whose taste in books I respect, and I'd been meaning to check out her work for years, but only just got around to it. This was an enjoyable book, and I'm sure I'll want to read some of her other stuff in the future. I wish there had been more about how Howl and Suliman had arrived in Ingary from Wales, but maybe that's covered in the sequel (which I didn't know existed until I looked up the book on Wikipedia). I suppose I should also watch the movie at some point, right?
vovat: (Jenny Lewis)
Hey, how about some reviews of three books I read recently?

Watership Down, by Richard Adams - I'd been meaning to read this one for a while. Actually, I did read the first few pages when I was waiting for a computer at the local library some years ago. Recently, though, I saw the book on [livejournal.com profile] therealtavie's shelf and read an interview where Neko Case said it was one of her favorite books, so those things together pushed me into trying it again. And it really is a good book, describing the lives of rabbits from their own point of view. Adams' introduction said that he wanted to have rabbits who would think and communicate like people, but wouldn't do anything rabbits couldn't actually do, and I think he succeeded. And the idea of rabbits having their own religion and mythology was rather fascinating.

The Lightning Thief, by Rick Riordan - Speaking of mythology, this is the first book in the Percy Jackson and the Olympians series, which was recommended to me by [livejournal.com profile] rockinlibrarian. It's in much the same vein as Harry Potter, in terms of having an adolescent boy discover he has both magic powers and deadly enemies, as well as in there being a special training place for people like him. The similarities don't stop there, but it's not like Rowling invented these ideas. Anyway, Riordan definitely has his own style, simultaneously more modern and more faithful to traditional mythology than Rowling's. I like his view of the gods in the modern age, in that they have adapted somewhat with the times, yet still maintain their traditional personalities. And there's a good dose of humor, one of my favorite throwaway bits being how one of the only two songs Grover the satyr can play on his pipes is Hilary Duff's "So Yesterday." I'll definitely have to read the rest of this series. In fact, I've already started on the second book, The Sea of Monsters.

The Black Cauldron, by Lloyd Alexander - The second book in the Prydain series (honestly, the fact that the first book has "three" in the title still tends to confuse me) is an improvement over the first one, at least to my mind. Since Alexander has already introduced his main characters, he's able to have more fun with them. We can definitely see Taran maturing in the course of the adventure, and Fflewddur Fflam and Doli have some good moments. I also found the three enchantresses to be pretty amusing characters.

[livejournal.com profile] bethje has told me that enjoys being in the middle of a good book. I can understand that, but I usually like to finish as quickly as I can. After all, that's when I can move on to the next one, right? {g} Also, I like to look back on books I've finished reading. And I don't think I'm going to run out of things to read anytime soon. I might eventually run out of new Oz stuff, though, so all you aspiring Oz authors need to get to work! {g}

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